Search results for "Active [Galaxies]"

Sorveglianza attiva delle patologie pneumococciche invasive dell'età pediatrica: l’esperienza della Regione Sicilia nel triennio 2009-2011

2013

S.pneumoniae is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children globally. Since 2007 the World Health Organization has recommended anti-pneumococcal vaccination to reduce the burden of invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD). The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of IPD in Sicilian children and describe the distribution of serotypes in subjects with IPD following the recent introduction of a universal vaccination program. Active surveillance of IPD (PneumoNet) was carried out in Sicily from 2009 to 2011 by nine reference hospitals (one per province) and one-hundred randomly sampled family pediatricians. Hospital discharge data of participating hospitals were also analyzed…

Isobaric Vapor−Liquid Equilibria of the Water + 2-Propanol System at 30, 60, and 100 kPa

1996

Isobaric vapor−liquid equilibria were obtained for the water + 2-propanol system at 30, 60, and 100 kPa. The activity coefficients were found to be thermodynamically consistent by the methods of Van Ness−Byer−Gibbs, Kojima, and Wisniak. The data were correlated with five liquid phase activity coefficient models (Margules, Van Laar, Wilson, NRTL, and UNIQUAC).

A quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics study of the acylation reaction of TEM1 β-lactamase and penicillanate

2000

The acylation step in β-lactamase catalyzed hydrolysis of β-lactams has been explored by means of a quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics approach (AM1/CHARMM). The TEM1 enzyme, a class A β-lactamase, and the penicillanate constitute the system employed in our study. The entire molecular system is divided into a quantum and a classical region: the quantum part is composed by the substrate, the serine Ser70 and the essential moieties of key active site residues, Lys73, Ser130 and Glu166, as well as a water molecule present in the active site region, while the classical part is formed by the remaining residues and structural waters of the enzyme. In particular, the sequence of steps proposed …

2014

Carbon-centered radicals represent highly useful reactive intermediates in organic synthesis. Their nucleophilic character is reflected by fast additions to electron deficient C=X double bonds as present in iminium ions or cationic heterocycles. This review covers diverse reactions of preformed or in situ-generated cationic substrates with various types of C-radicals, including alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, trifluoromethyl, aryl, acyl, carbamoyl, and alkoxycarbonyl species. Despite its high reactivity, the strong interaction of the radical’s SOMO with the LUMO of the cation frequently results in a high regioselectivity. Intra- and intermolecular processes such as the Minisci reaction, the Porta react…

ChemInform Abstract: Radical Addition to Iminium Ions and Cationic Heterocycles

2015

Carbon-centered radicals represent highly useful reactive intermediates in organic synthesis. Their nucleophilic character is reflected by fast additions to electron deficient C=X double bonds as present in iminium ions or cationic heterocycles. This review covers diverse reactions of preformed or in situ-generated cationic substrates with various types of C-radicals, including alkyl, alkoxyalkyl, trifluoromethyl, aryl, acyl, carbamoyl, and alkoxycarbonyl species. Despite its high reactivity, the strong interaction of the radical’s SOMO with the LUMO of the cation frequently results in a high regioselectivity. Intra- and intermolecular processes such as the Minisci reaction, the Porta react…

Analysis of tear proteins by one- and two-dimensional thin-layer iosoelectric focusing, sodium dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis and lectin blotting. D…

1998

· Background: Isoelectric focusing (IEF) of tear proteins has not yet been carried out in a satisfactory way. Two-dimensional (2D) electrophoresis, especially in the combination of IEF with SDS, is able to differentiate between proteins in detail. The purpose of this study was therefore to analyze tear proteins by 1D IEF alone and in combination with a 2D pattern, and by IEF followed by lectin staining. · Methods: Ampholines, covering a broad range from pH 3 to pH 10, were applied. After IEF, semi-dry blotting and incubation with a group II lectin and two group V lectins was performed. · Results: Tear proteins could be separated into 31 single bands. Tear-specific pre-albumin (TSPA), lactof…

Covert digital manipulation of vocal emotion alter speakers' emotional states in a congruent direction

2016

International audience; Research has shown that people often exert control over their emotions. By modulating expressions, reappraising feelings, and redirecting attention, they can regulate their emotional experience. These findings have contributed to a blurring of the traditional boundaries between cognitive and emotional processes, and it has been suggested that emotional signals are produced in a goal-directed way and monitored for errors like other intentional actions. However, this interesting possibility has never been experimentally tested. To this end, we created a digital audio platform to covertly modify the emotional tone of participants' voices while they talked in the directi…

Interpretive search of optimal isocratic and gradient separations in micellar liquid chromatography in extended organic solvent domains

2020

Abstract Micellar liquid chromatography (MLC) is a reversed-phase mode with mobile phases containing an organic solvent and a micellised surfactant. Most procedures developed in MLC are implemented in the isocratic mode, since the general elution problem in chromatography is less troublesome. However, gradient elution may be still useful in MLC to analyse mixtures of compounds within a wide range of polarities, in shorter times. MLC using gradients is attractive to determine by direct injection moderate to low polar compounds in physiological samples. In these analyses, the use of initial micellar conditions (isocratic or gradient) with a fixed amount of surfactant above the critical micell…

Micellar Liquid Chromatography:  A Worthy Technique for the Determination of β-Antagonists in Urine Samples

1998

Several beta-antagonists (acebutolol, atenolol, celiprolol, labetalol, metoprolol, nadolol, propranolol) were determined in urine samples with fluorometric detection after direct injection, in less than 15 min, with a micellar mobile phase of 0.1 M sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 15% propanol, and 1% triethylamine at pH 3. The limits of detection (38 criterion) were usually between 3 and 30 ng/mL. The addition of propanol and triethylamine and the reduction of the pH of the mobile phase improved the efficiency of the chromatographic peaks that was rather low in pure micellar eluents. The selection of the composition of the mobile phase was easily performed through the use of an interpretive p…

Accuracy and accommodation capability of a handheld autorefractor

2000

Purpose: To determine the accuracy of measurement by the Nikon Retinomax handheld autorefractor and its ability to relax accommodation. Setting: Pediatric Section, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mainz, Germany. Methods: To perform a series of comparative measurements, autorefractor readings were obtained on healthy young adults (students) and on children aged 2 to 12 years. The autorefractor readings were compared with subjective refractions of the young adults and with cycloplegic retinoscopy of the children. Results: In adults, the accuracy of the handheld autorefractor measurements was comparable to that of conventional tabletop autorefractors. In children, the autorefractor …